International Journal of Holistic Health, Sports and Recreation

Reflections of Coaches' Behaviours on Athletes and Teams in the Scope of Fair Play

2023-08-17T00:51:52+03:00

It was aimed to determine the athletes' views on coaching behaviours within the scope of fair play with this research. The study was prepared with qualitative research method and phenomenology design was preferred from qualitative research designs. The sampling group of the study consists of 12 athletes determined by the easily accessible case sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods. Individual interviews were conducted with the athletes within the scope of semi-structured interview technique lasting an average of 20 minutes. The participants were informed that the interview would be recorded and then the records would be transcribed, the necessary permissions were obtained, and in this way, interviews were conducted by creating a suitable environment for the interviews. Descriptive and content analysis methods were applied to the transcribed participant statements. As a result of the analyses, the athletes stated that the coach's fair play approach and behaviour in accordance with fair play will contribute to the communication within the team and the training environment with a positive atmosphere, that different results will occur if the coach provides equality or does not provide equality between the athletes in terms of athlete performance and that they are in intensive communication within the scope of team integration, creating a family environment and socialisation for their friends who have problems. The fact that those who have duties within the scope of regulating and implementing sports activities establish environments that encourage and improve the behaviours of coaches and athletes within the scope of fair play and supervise the display of the demanded actions will ensure that sportive activities are carried out fairly and in line with the objectives.

Examining the Effect of Cuff Pressure in Blood Flow Restriction Training

2023-08-23T14:49:38+03:00

Blood flow restriction training, which is one of the methods applied to enhance muscle hypertrophy and strength, has gained popularity in light of the findings revealed by recent scientific research. It is an undeniable fact that high-intensity resistance exercises contribute to an increase in muscle hypertrophy and strength. However, it has been observed that these exercises also elevate the risk of injury due to their high intensity. On the other hand, low-intensity resistance exercises do not provide sufficient mechanical tension and metabolic accumulation necessary for the development of muscle strength and hypertrophy. At this point, low-intensity blood flow restriction resistance exercises can minimize the potential risks of high-intensity exercises. The reduction in venous circulation caused by the restriction leads to an increased impact of metabolic accumulation on muscle hypertrophy. As the prevalence of blood flow restriction resistance exercises increases, inconsistencies arise in the recommended levels of cuff pressures measured in mmHg. This brief compilation aims to present a concise overview of the literature, explaining the principles of blood flow restriction training and providing insights into determining the cuff pressures used during the application. Initial research on blood flow restriction employed fixed pressures, but with advancements in technology, contemporary studies demonstrate diverse outcomes by applying individualized cuff pressures based on factors such as soft tissue volume, body fat percentage, and limb circumference. Cuff pressures vary between 50-300 mm Hg depending on individual differences. These individual differences should be considered for achieving the desired results.

Investigation of The Expectations From The Gym and Social Appearance Concerns of Individuals Using The Fitness Center

2023-11-20T10:48:48+03:00

This study was carried out to examine the reasons why individuals go to fitness centres, their reasons for choosing the gyms they go to, their expectations, their satisfaction with the services provided and their effects on individuals' social appearance concerns. A total of 312 athletes, 176 men and 136 women, who go to step-aerobics and fitness gyms in Giresun province and its districts, constitute the sample group of the research. A 38-question survey form and a 7-question personal information form developed by Duran (2013) to determine the expectations of those who go to bodybuilding and fitness centers are the data collection tools of the research. Evaluation of the survey as statistical procedures: k-square analyzes were made for associations with frequency and percentage (%) distribution in the SPSS 21 package program, and the significance level was determined as (p˂ 0.05). As a result, the average age of the participants in this research, which was conducted to determine the expectations and social appearance anxiety levels of individuals going to fitness centers, is 21.56±2.30, their average height is 172.99±9.06 and their body weight is 69.11±11.70. 56.4% of those responding to the survey were male and 43.6% were female; It consists of 2.2% married and 97.7% single individuals. When the participants' expectations from bodybuilding and fitness centers are examined; have high sports awareness, enjoy sports, care about their health, have no health problems, do not smoke or drink alcohol, do sports; Participant characteristics such as stress relief, health and relaxation, paying attention to the advice of friends when choosing a gym, preferring treadmills the most, finding their trainers' knowledge about their training level sufficient even though their knowledge is limited, and making their own weekly programs to lose weight are observed. When the questions and answers regarding their social appearance are examined, it can be said that the participants are self-confident.

Investigation of Recreational Sports Well-Being Levels In Individuals Who Engage In Functional Training

2023-11-17T11:19:41+03:00

Functional training is a type of training we do to gain the strength, flexibility and coordination we need in daily activities. Positive effects such as socialization, complete physical and mental well-being, and increased motivation have been observed in individuals who do sports for recreational purposes. The aim of this study is to examine the recreational sports well-being levels of individuals doing functional training in terms of different variables. The sample of the research consists of a total of 114 individuals doing active functional training, 62 of whom are women and 52 of whom are men. Recreational Sports Well-Being Scale (RSSI) was used as a data collection tool. Individuals were asked about demographic characteristics such as gender, age, height, weight, monthly income and sports history. Before analyzing the data, a normality test was performed and it was determined that it did not show a normal distribution. Nonparametric tests, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests, were used for non-normally distributed data. According to the research findings, while no statistically significant difference could be obtained in variables such as gender, age, height and weight, statistical significance was tested in some sub-dimensions of sports history and monthly income level variables. When we look at the sports history variable, this significance in the Family Relationship Development (AİG) sub-dimension shows that as the individual's sports years increase, family relationships also increase and develop at the same rate. In the individuals' monthly income variable, statistical significance was found in the family relationship development and Positive emotion (PD) sub-dimensions. In this respect, we can say that the development of family relationships and positive mood of individuals with a monthly income are positively affected.

Aerobic Exercise in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review

2023-10-13T05:25:21+03:00

Aerobic exercise has been proposed as a potential therapeutic intervention for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a precursor of dementia. The benefits of aerobic exercise therapy are many and include both clinical and molecular domains. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of aerobic exercise in reducing factors known to significantly increase the risk of HBB, including hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Aerobic exercise promotes arterial elasticity and lowers blood pressure by stimulating the release of nitric oxide. At the molecular level, aerobic exercise is thought to modulate the activation of microglia and astrocytes, cells that are critical for brain inflammation and neurogenesis, respectively. It has also been suggested that aerobic exercise promotes the release of exercise factors such as irisin, cathepsin B, CLU, and GPLD1, which may enhance synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. In conclusion, regular aerobic exercise may prevent or reduce the risk of developing HBB in the elderly.

Investigation of The Recreational Flow Experiences of Individuals Who Received Functional Training

2023-11-19T19:36:19+03:00

The aim of this study is to examine the recreational flow experiences of individuals doing functional training through different variables. The sample of the research consists of a total of 114 active functional training individuals, 62 women and 52 men. Recreational Flow Experience Scale (RADS) was used as a data collection tool. Individuals were asked about demographic characteristics such as gender, age, height, weight, monthly income and sports history. Before analyzing the data, a normality test was performed and it was determined that it did not show a normal distribution. For non-normally distributed data, non-parametric tests, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests, were used. According to the research findings, while no statistically significant difference could be obtained in variables such as gender, height, weight, sports history, statistical significance was tested in the age variable. As a result, It is seen that the statistical mean scores of individuals between the ages of 28 and 36 are higher than those of individuals between the ages of 20-27 and over the age of 45. No significant difference was detected in the sports history variable, but the average score of those with 9 or more sports years was found to be higher than other years. In this context, it would not be wrong to say that as the sports year increases, flow experiences will also increase positively.

Young People Participating in Recreational ActivitiesAccording to Different Variables Examining Their Attitudes Towards Physical Education Lessons

2023-11-16T11:06:28+03:00

The aim of the study was to examine the attitudes of young people who participate in youth and sports activities recreationally towards physical education lessons. Among the quantitative research models, the relational survey model was used within the scope of general survey research. The population of the research consists of young people at high school level. The sample group consisted of a total of 574 high school students, 276 female and 298 male, studying in high schools in Kütahya. 171 of the students are studying in vocational high schools, 168 in anatolian high schools and 235 in fine arts high schools. The sample group was determined using random selection technique. In the study, a personal information form consisting of 7 items and the attitude scale of second grade students towards physical education course developed by Kır (2012) were used. The scale is a 5-point Likert type scale consisting of 20 items. The total reliability (Cronbach Alpha) value of the scale was found to be 0.871. Evaluations were made based on total values. A normality test was applied to the data obtained, and since the skewness and kurtosis values were between -3 and + 3, it was accepted that the assumption of normality was met. In this context, independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance and Welch test results were evaluated for hypothesis analysis. When the attitudes of individuals participating in recreational activities towards physical education and sports lessons were compared according to the gender variable, it was determined that men had a more positive attitude than women, there was a statistically significant difference according to the age variable, and the attitudes of young people towards physical education and sports classes at schools were at an average level. In addition, it was determined that the rate of vocational high school students was higher than other students according to the school type variable.

The Effect of Artificial Climbing Wall on Body Composition and Dynamic Balance in Recreational Climbers

2023-12-07T00:48:53+03:00

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of variable difficulty artificial climbing wall training on body composition and dynamic balance in recreational climbers. There were 20 female participants in the study. The mean age was 20.75 ± 1.5 years and height was 163.5 ± 5.5 cm (n=10; recreational wall climbing group, n=10; control group). Body composition (Tanita BC 418) and Modified Y balance values were determined in the first and last weeks of the eight-week period. The recreational wall climbing group trained on artificial wall climbing with varying degrees of difficulty during the eight-week period, while the control group was not included in any training program. Data were evaluated with Mann Whitney-U. When the pre-post test values of the groups were compared, a significant decrease was observed in general body and trunk fat (kg) values in favor of the experimental group. In addition, there was a change in Modified Y balance right foot fixed left foot reaching percentages in favor of the experimental group (p<.05). In conclusion; it is seen that artificial wall climbing training contributes positively to body composition and dynamic balance values.

Quality of Work Life Scale (Qwls): A Scale Development Study

2023-12-07T00:09:16+03:00

This study aims to develop a measurement tool to determine the quality of work life of employees with human resources functions. At the end of the study, a five-point Likert-type scale consisting of 19 items that are thought to represent the quality of work life of employees was obtained. The scale was conducted with 196 academicians working in sports sciences faculties in different universities. Before the principal component analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's Sphericity test were performed to evaluate the suitability of the data for factor analysis. As a result of this test, the KMO value was found to be .93 and the Bartlett Sphericity test chi-square value was found to be 2346.26, df = 171, p<0.01. As a result of factor analysis and varimax rotation, it was determined that the scale showed a two-factor structure (organizational quality of work life and individual quality of work life) explaining 60% of the total variance. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) of the scale was calculated as .92. It was determined that the scale Quality of Work Life Scale (QWLS) is a valid and reliable tool that can be used in all service areas.

Jealousy Scale in Athletes (SCQ): Validity and Reliability Study

2023-12-15T17:43:26+03:00

The purpose of this research; To develop a measurement tool to reveal the jealousy levels of athletes. A literature review was conducted during the process of creating the candidate scale form, and 45 items remained from the 55-item form, considering the focus group and expert opinions of 11 experts in the relevant field. A 45-item, 5-Likert scale trial form was applied to 300 athletes. EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis) was used to explain the results of the data collected from the athletes. At the end of the analysis, it was concluded that the study consists of 3 sub-dimensions and 21 items in total: 'Performance & Success Jealousy', 'Conditions & Opportunities Jealousy' and 'Social Support & Popularity Jealousy'. To ensure validity in the study, CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) was performed by collecting 21 items and 271 data from athletes, and standardized values and t values revealed that all items were significant. It has been found that all of the standardized coefficients of the fit indices of the tested measurement model ensure the fit of the measurement model. In addition, the fact that the convergent reliability (CR) and explained variance (AVE) values of the study are significant shows that the items meet the necessary criteria for the factor. Finally, the Cronbach Alpha internal consistency values of the sub-dimensions were calculated as .858 in the first sub-dimension, .859 in the second sub-dimension and finally .868 in the third sub-dimension. As a result of these findings, the 'Jealousy in Athletes Scale (JSC)' was found to be scientifically and psychometrically reliable and valid. showed that it is.

Effect of Combined Foam Rolling and Static Passive Stretching Exercises Applied to Plantar Flexors on Range of Motion and Vertical Jump Performance

2023-12-15T23:53:58+03:00

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of static passive stretching and foam rolling applied to the plantar flexors in combination and in different order on countermovement jump performance and dorsiflexion range of motion. Twelve male and six female volunteers (22.16±6.61 years, 1.75±9.86 height, 73.92±17.06 weight) performing recreational resistance training participated in the study. The study consisted of 3 sessions at non-consecutive 48-hour intervals. On the first day of the study, the participants performed bicycle ergometry for 5 minutes. Then the range of motion of the dorsi flexion was measured with a goniometer and finally the vertical jump height was determined. On the second day, after 5 minutes of bicycle ergometry, the participants performed 45 seconds of foam rolling followed by 45 seconds of static passive stretching, and their vertical jump heights and dorsi flexion angles were measured again. On the third day, after 5 minutes of bicycle ergometry, the participants performed 45 seconds of static passive stretching followed by 45 seconds of foam rolling, and their vertical jump heights and dorsiflexion angles were measured again, and the study was terminated. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software (SPSS version 25.0, IBM, Chicago, IL). The alpha level was set at <0.05. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed that the data were normally distributed. A statistically significant difference was found by protocol × range of motion analysis. The subsequent Bofferoni correction, in parallel with our hypotheses, revealed that the range of motion increased significantly after the static + foam rolling application compared to the control group, whereas no significant change was found after the foam rolling + static application. However, contrary to our hypotheses, no statistically significant difference was found as a result of the applied protocol × countermovement jump height analysis. Our results showed that static passive stretching followed by foam rolling should be used to increase the range of motion of the joint without causing a decrease in the height of the countermovement jump. On the other hand, it was observed that static stretching followed by foam rolling did not result in a positive change in joint range of motion, although it did not affect the height of the countermovement jump.