Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Developmental Stuttering: A Review of Auditory Evoked Potentials and Artificial-Intelligence-Supported Analyses

Esra EROL; Zeynep DABAN

doi:10.5281/zenodo.20975599

Authors

Esra EROL üye
Zeynep DABAN Istanbul Gelisim University, Vocational School of Health Services , Istanbul, TÜRKİYE

10.5281/zenodo.20975599

Abstract

Stuttering is a complex neurodevelopmental fluency disorder characterized by involuntary repetitions, prolongations, and blocks during speech production. Converging evidence from neuroimaging and electrophysiology suggests that stuttering reflects atypical interactions among motor, sensory, and cognitive systems rather than an isolated motor impairment. This review synthesizes findings from studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) and long-latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) particularly P1, N1, P2, N2, P300, and mismatch negativity (MMN) to characterize auditory–motor integration, pre-speech auditory modulation, and attentional processing in individuals who stutter. We further consider how machine-learning and deep-learning techniques could be integrated with these electrophysiological markers to potentially support objective diagnosis, prognosis, and individualized therapeutic monitoring. Together, the evidence suggests that LLAEP components may constitute promising biomarkers of neural adaptation in stuttering and could provide a neuroscientific framework for data-driven, personalized speech therapy.

Keywords:

stuttering auditory evoked potentials P300 neural plasticity machine learning

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Author Biography

Zeynep DABAN, Istanbul Gelisim University, Vocational School of Health Services , Istanbul, TÜRKİYE

Lecturer. Zeynep DABAN Istanbul Gelisim University, Vocational School of Health Services , Istanbul, TÜRKİYE

Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Developmental Stuttering: A Review of Auditory Evoked Potentials and Artificial-Intelligence-Supported Analyses

Authors

Abstract

Keywords:

References

Author Biography

Zeynep DABAN, Istanbul Gelisim University, Vocational School of Health Services , Istanbul, TÜRKİYE

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